BABIP Regressors: Pitchers to Watch

If you're in the market to sign a starting pitcher, it would be helpful to know what performance to expect from the various options. Unfortunately, while there are plenty of rear view mirrors, only Mr. Peabody & Sherman can tell you what lies ahead, and their time machine stopped working in 1971.

Nonetheless, we gaze into the past and salt our observations with what it all portends. Which brings us to pitcher BABIP.

Research over the years since Voros McCracken elucidated the theory that pitchers don't control the results once a ball is put in play has uncovered a grain of truth in his finding. While some pitchers can maintain a lower BABIP over their entire career, it's still true that large variations from their own established levels can often be attributed to a smiling deity. Because deities are fickle, this element of a player's performance tends not to repeat itself over time.

All of which is a long way of saying that some pitchers appeared to be particularly lucky or unlucky in 2012 and may be expected to deliver more or less of the goods in 2013. 

Let's take a look:

League average BABIP is about .298. That is, batters hit just under .300 when they aren't striking out, homering, walking or getting dinged by pitches. In 2011, Braves lefty Mike Minor suffered through a season of .350 BABIP, so while he pitched solidly, his ERA of 4.14 belied it.

In 2012, the league adjusted to Minor and his performance wasn't nearly as strong. But his ERA held steady (4.12) thanks to a .256 BABIP. Nothing in his underlying performance, or in the defense behind him, suggested such a change. That means Atlanta should hold the reins on expectations for the 25-year-old Vanderbilt man.

If Minor inspires warning flags, the regression sirens have to be blaring around Kyle Lohse. Over the last two years, Lohse is 30-11, 3.10, following a 10-year career of 88-98, 4.50. It's likely that Lohse has figured something out, but BABIPs of .269 and .262, compared to a lifetime BABIP right around league average, hasn't hurt. The music eventually stops, and 2013 is as good a time as any. Add to that his age-34 season and Lohse is in for major regression.

Jeremy Hellickson enjoyed a .262 BABIP last season, but is he in for regression? Hellickson's three-year career in St. Petersburg has been a study in confounding the numbers. Over 403 innings, Hellickson has a career BABIP of .244, which suggests that he might be doing something special (or playing behind a special defense) that's tamping down opponent batting average. Either that or the dude has been abidingly lucky and is going to crash in 2013. Hellickson has a lifetime ERA 0f 3.06, but the statheads suggest he's more like a .450 ERA pitcher. We'll see.

Then there's Gio Gonzalez, who entered MLB in 2008 with Oakland. Here is the arc of Gio's career, expressed in ERA: 
2008 - 7.68
2009 - 5.65
2010 - 3.23
2011 - 3.12
2012 - 2.89

So the fact that batted balls fell safely at just a .267 clip last year doesn't dull his prospects much. Gonzalez has a lifetime BABIP of just .286; perhaps in part because his two home parks, Oakland and Washington, are BABIP dampers; so if he regresses even to his 2011 performance, he's still a star in 2013.

Max Scherzer had a terrific 2012, going 16-7, 3.74 with 231 strikeouts. That last figure helped dull the impact of a .333 BABIP. That's fortunate, because it's likely that a chunk of Scherzer's BABIP lies at the feet of immobile infielders who will be back with the Tigers, barring a major surprise, in 2013.

It's just the opposite for Nathan Eovaldi, the young Marlin righty who relies on his defense more than average. His .316 BABIP in L.A. and Miami was particularly harmful to his stat line, a painful 4-13, 4.30 that overstates his struggles. Given his youth, Eovaldi is headed for what will look like a breakout in 2013.

One last interesting case -- in nearly every respect -- is R.A. Dickey. Kuncklers have a history of outfoxing the whole BABIP system, but Dickey has maintained nearly identical BABIPs around .275 since returning with the scroogie in 2010. It's quite possible that Dickey as not been particularly lucky, just particularly adept, and that his run of extraordinary performances could continue.